I read an interesting article at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Ore_Line], which states "From Riksgränsen on the national border to the Port of Narvik, the trains use only a fifth of the power they regenerate. The regenerated energy is sufficient to power the empty trains back up to the national border."
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Hi Peter Yes a similar case are the big Alps crossings, where the long descent produces a lot of power. Thats the biggest advantage against Diesel powered freight. Felix
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In fact, The main brake of the IORE locomotives is an Electro-dynamic brake that has 375 kN braking effort. When this brake is active, the 12 three-phase asynchronous AC motors (one each axle) regenerates the energy and give it back to the 15kV/16,7Hz Line, making this kind of transport environmentally friendly. The IORE got also one hydro-pneumatical tread brake each wheel, but it is seldomly used only in case of emergency or in shunting operations.
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